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Ruby and sapphire stone12/19/2023 ![]() Natural and synthetic corundum are used in a wide variety of industrial applications because of their toughness, hardness, and chemical stability. The extreme hardness makes corundum an excellent abrasive, and when that hardness is found in beautiful crystals, you have the perfect material for cutting gemstones. The mineral is widely known for its extreme hardness and for the fact that it is sometimes found as beautiful transparent crystals in many different colors. It is an aluminum oxide with a chemical composition of Al 2O 3 and a member of the trigonal crystal system. What is Corundum?Ĭorundum is a rock-forming mineral that is found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. These specimens are red in color and might be called "ruby corundum." Image copyright iStockphoto / Lissart. Corundum: Two corundum crystal segments from India showing the mineral's six-sided crystals with basal parting.
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